Digital Library References

Our Book Selections of the Month feature timely, curated texts that illuminate truth, deepen critical analysis, awaken memory, challenge erasure, and guide educational transformation toward liberation.

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Digital Library References

Selected Writings: Essential Works from the Digital Library

A Curated Collection of Influential Writings. including books and scholarly journals, are available at our Digital Library Archive.

I’m Professor Jamal Turner, and in this video, we’ll dive into Critical Race Theory and the racial taxonomy behind white supremacy. We’ll trace how these categories were fabricated in colonial pseudoscience and arm ourselves with the tools to dismantle them. Get ready to unravel the myths that have shaped our world.

Digital Library References

Adeyemi, K. (2023). Cultural memory and the reclamation of histories: African diaspora and counter-narratives.                          Journal of Cultural Reclamation, 8(1), 78–98. DOI: 10.1163/18725465-bja10034

Ahmed, S., & Sharma, R. (2023). Impact of culturally responsive pedagogy on learning engagement and academic performance                                        
                      https://eric.ed.gov/

Alexander, M. (2010). The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness. The New Press.

Ani, M. (1994). Yurugu: An African-Centered Critique of European Cultural Thought and Behavior. African World Press. Internet Archive.

Aldridge, D.P. (2020). Teachers in the movement: Pedagogy, activism, and freedom. History of Education Quarterly, 60(1), 1-23.                  

                    https://doi.org/10.1017/heq.2020.6

Aldridge, D.P. (2015). The ideas and craft of the critical historian of education: Critical approaches to the study of higher education: A     

                      practical [DM5] [JT6] introduction. Johns Hopkins University Press.

Allen, A., Hancock, S. D., Starker-Glass, T., & Lewis, C. W. (2017). Mapping culturally relevant pedagogy into teacher education     

                     programs:  A critical framework. Teachers College Record, 119(1), 1-26.

                        https://doi.org/10.1177/016146811711900107

Anya, U. (2021). Critical race pedagogy for a more effective and inclusive world language Teaching. Applied Linguistics, 42(6), 1055–1069                   

                    https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amab068.

Asante, M. K. (1988). Afrocentricity: The Theory of Social Change. Africa World Press.

Banks, J. A. (1998). Multiculturalism’s five dimensions. In M. Tucker (Ed.), Educating citizens in a multicultural society (22-95). Teachers     

                   College Press.

Bell, D. (1988). And we are not saved: The elusive quest for racial justice, Michigan Law Review, 86(6), 1130–1135.     

                   https://doi.org/10.2307/1289158.

Bell, D. (1972). Brown v. Board of Education and the interest-convergence dilemma. Harvard Law Review, 93(3), 518-533.

Ben-Jochannan, Y. (1993). African Origins of Major Western Religions. Black Classic Press.

Bernal, M. (1987). Black Athena: The Afroasiatic Roots of Classical Civilization. Rutgers University Press. Internet Archive.

Bernasconi, R. (2001). Kant and the Invention of Race. Hackett Publishing. Internet Archive.

Boas, F. (1940). Race, Language, and Culture. Free Press. Internet Archive.

Bonilla-Silva, E. (2001). Rethinking Racism: Toward a Structural Interpretation. Rowman & Littlefield.

Bonilla-Silva, E. (2017). What we were, what we are, and what we should be: The racial problem of American sociology. Social Problems,                         

                    64(2), 179–187. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26370899

Brookings Institution. (2018). Educator Bias and Racial Disparities in Schools. Brookings Press.

Brown, K., & Itzigsohn, J. (2019). Du Bois and Double Consciousness. Princeton University Press.

Budge, E. A. W. (1932). Queens of Ancient Egypt. Dover Publications

Burke, J., Wu, T., & Risk, M. (2019). Structural racism in education: Impacts on student self- worth and achievement. Academic Press.

Cann, R. L., Stoneking, M., & Wilson, A. C. (1987). Mitochondrial DNA and Human Evolution. Nature.

 Chesnutt, C. (1901). The Marrow of Tradition. Houghton Mifflin. Internet Archive

Copur-Gencturk, Y., Thacker, I., & Cimpian, J. R. (2023). Teachers’ race and gender biases and the moderating effects of their beliefs and dispositions. International Journal of STEM Education, 10(31).           

                      https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-023-00420-z

Coates, T.-N. (2014). The Case for Reparations. The Atlantic

Crenshaw, K. (2019). Seeing race Again: Countering colorblindness across the disciplines. University of California Press.

Crenshaw, K. W. (1988). Race, reform, and retrenchment: Transformation and legitimation an anti-discrimination law. Harvard Law       

                      Review, 101(7), 1331-1387.

Crenshaw, K. (1995). Critical Race Theory: The Key Writings That Formed the Movement. The New Press.

D’Andrea, M., & Daniels, J. (2020). Institutional racism and the need for critical dialogue in university settings. Education Policy Review,      

                      35(1), 45-60.

DeCuir-Gunby, J. T., & Schutz, P. A. (2024). The evolution of race-focused and race- reimaged approaches in educational psychology:     

                       Future directions for the field. Educational Psychology Review, 36, Article https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-024-09873-2

Delgado, R. (1989). Storytelling for oppositionists and others: A plea for narrative storytelling. Michigan Law Review,     

                       (8)7https://ssrn.com/abstract=1577362.

Delgado, R., & Stefancic, J. (2017). Critical race theory: An Introduction (3rd ed.). New York University Press.

Diamond, J., & Gomez, A. (2020). The Socialization of White Supremacy in Education. Routledge.

Diamond, J. B., & Gomez, L. M. (2023). Disrupting white supremacy and anti-Black racism in educational organizations. Education     

                          Researcher, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X231161054

Diop, C. A. (1981). The African Origin of Civilization: Myth or Reality. Lawrence Hill Books. Internet Archive.

Diop, C. A. (1987). Precolonial African Warfare. Chicago Review Press. Internet Archive

Diop, C. A. (1981). Civilization or Barbarism: Authentic Anthropology. Lawrence Hill  Books Internet Archive.

Dixson, A. D., & Rousseau Anderson, C. (2018). Where are we? Critical race theory in education 20 years later. Peabody Journal of     

                         Education, 93(1), 121–131 https://doi.org/10.1080/0161956X.2017.1403194.

Du Bois, W.E.B. (1903). The Souls of Black folk” by A. C. McClurg & Co., Chicago. Internet Archive,

Du Bois, W. E. B. (1899). The Philadelphia Negro: A social study. University of Pennsylvania Press. Internet Archive.

Duchesneau, F. (2023). Blumenbach on the varieties of the human species. Humankind and Humanity in the Philosophy of the     

                         Enlightenment209https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9781350142947_A47080903/preview-   

                         9781350142947_A47080903.pdf

Duzgun, E. (2022). Radicalising global IR: Modernity, capitalism, and the question of Eurocentrism. The Chinese Journal of International     

                     Politics, 15(3), 313–333. https://doi.org/10.1093/cjip/poac012

Douglass, F. (1845). Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave. Anti- Slavery Office. Internet Archive

Evans, L., & Martinez, V. (2020). Racial constructs and their consequences: Unraveling the  social construction of race. Journal of Ethnic     

                        Studies, 38(2), 145–167https://doi.org/10.1080/12345678.2020.1234567

Eze, E. C. (1997). Race and the Enlightenment: A Reader. Blackwell Publishing.Internet Archive.

Eze, E. C. (1997). The Color of Reason: The Idea of Race in Kant’s Anthropology. University of Minnesota Press. Internet Archive.

Fanon, F. (1952). Black Skin, White Masks. Grove Press. Internet Archive

Freire, P. (1970). Pedagogy of the Oppressed. freire.pdf

Escayg, K. A. (2019). “Who’s got the power?” A critical examination of the anti-bias curriculum. International Journal of Early Childhood     

                         Education Policy, 6(13), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40723-019-0062-9

Ford, D. Y. (2017). Culturally responsive classrooms: Addressing the achievement gap. Research Gate. EJ874024.pdf.

Gates Jr., H. L. (2014). Phillis Wheatley on Trial. Harvard University Press. Internet Archive.

Gates, H. L. Jr. (1988). The Signifying Monkey: A Theory of African American Literary Criticism. Oxford University Press. Internet Archive.

Gates, H. L. Jr. (1993). The Black Atlantic: Modernity and Double Consciousness. Harvard University Press. Internet Archive.

Gates, H. L., Jr., & McKay, N. Y. (Eds.). (1996). The Norton anthology of African American literature. W. W. Norton & Company. Internet     

                        Archive.

García, J., & O’Donnell, J. (2022). Transformative ethnic studies in schools: Curriculum, pedagogy, and research. Teachers College Press

Garnet, H. H. (1843). An Address to the Slaves of the United States of America. National Negro Convention.

Gay, G. (2018). Culturally responsive teaching: Theory, research, and practice (3rd Ed.). Teachers College Press.

Gay, G. (2022). Using inquiry-based learning to create a culturally responsive classroom. ELT Weekly

                       http://eltweekly.com/2022/05/using-inquiry-based-

Geary, D. C., & Xu, K. M. (2022). Evolution of self-awareness and the cultural emergence of academic and non-academic self-concepts. 

                      Educational Psychology Review, 34(4) 2323-2349DOI: 10.1007/s10648-022-09669-2

Gildersleeve, R. E., Croom, N. N., & Vasquez, P. L. (2011). “Am I going crazy?!”: Critical race analysis of doctoral education. Equity &     

                      Excellence in Education, 44(1), 93– https://doi.org/10.1080/10665684.2011.539472

Gildersleeve, R. E. (2022). Race and racism in higher education. About Campus, 27(4), 3-3. https://doi.org/10.1177/10864822221134355.

Givens, J. R. (2021). Fugitive pedagogy: Carter G. Woodson and the art of Black teaching. Harvard University Press.   

                        https://doi.org/10.4159/9780674259102.

Gomez, F. (2021). Tracing Our Shared Genetic Heritage: The Role of Mitochondrial Eve. Journal of Genetic Anthropology

Gómez, R. F., Bennett, E., & Cammarota, J. (2023). The battle for curriculum: Arrested semantics and reconciling racism with critical race                            theory and ethnic studies. Race Ethnicity and Education, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/13613324.2023.2239726

Gomez, R., & White, S. (2021). Anti-racist pedagogy in higher education: A critical literature  review. Journal of Critical Education Studies,                          29(4), 37–59. https://doi.org/10.1080/987654321.2021.987654

Gooding, W.R. (2020). W.E.B. Du Bois, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. https://plato.stanford     

                         edu/archives/spr2020/entries/dubois.

Gordon, W. R., Smith, J. A., & Lee, K. T. (2021). Developing the curriculum: Improved outcomes through systems approach (9th ed.). The     

                         Pearson Educational Leadership Series.

Graves, J. L. Jr. (2014). The Emperor’s New Clothes: Biological Theories of Race. Rutgers University Press.

Groves, P. (2020). Critical race theory. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Educational

                           https://oxfordre.com/education/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780190264093.001.0001/acrefore-9780190264093-e-1.

Grynaviski, J., & Munger, M. (2017). Reconstructing Racism: Transforming Racial Hierarchy from “Necessary Evil” into “Positive Good.”     

                           Social Philosophy and Policy

Gutiérrez, G., & Müller, G. L. (2015). On the side of the poor: The theology of liberation. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Press.

Hammond, Z. (2023). Culturally responsive teaching and the brain: Promoting authentic engagement and rigor among culturally and     

                           linguistically diverse students. Corwin.

Harmon, D. A. (2012). Culturally responsive teaching through a historical lens: Will history repeat itself? Interdisciplinary Journal of  

                           Teaching and Learning, 2(1), 12–22. https://www.bing.com/search?q=harmon%2C+d.+a.+(2012).

Harper, S. R. (2023). Race without racism: How higher education researchers minimize racist institutional norms. Journal of Higher     

                          Education, 94(2), 123–145.

Harris, C. I. (1993). Whiteness as property. Harvard Law Review, 106(8), 1707-1791

Harrison, F. V. (1991). Decolonizing Anthropology. American Anthropological Association.

Haque, F. (2016). Shakespeare’s The Tempest represents the themes of colonialism, racism and social hierarchy. The English Literature     

                        Journal, 3(5), 738–741. http://english.aizeonpublishers.net/content/2016/5/eng738-741.pdf

Hayvon, J. C. (2024). Action against inequalities: A synthesis of social justice & equity, diversity and inclusion frameworks. International     

                       Journal for Equity in Health, 23(1), DOI for the article is 10.1186/s12939-024-02141-3.

Heidegger, M. (1962). Being and Time (J. Macquarrie & E. Robinson, Trans.). Harper & Row. Internet Archive.

Hilliard, A. G. (2001). The Reawakening of African Consciousness. Third World Press.

Horne, G. (2014). The Counter-Revolution of 1776: Slave Resistance and the Origins of the United States of America.Internet Archive.

.Huggins, N. I. (1971). Harlem Renaissance. Oxford University Press. Internet Archive.

Hunter, T. (2023). Practicing culturally relevant pedagogy: A literature review of classroom implementation. Oxford University Press.

                       https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci10050124.

Hunwick, J. O. (1999). Timbuktu and the Songhay Empire: Al-Sa’di’s Ta’rikh Al-Sudan Down to 1613 and Other Contemporary Documents.                           Brill Academic Publishers. Internet Archive.

Hurston, Z. N. (1935). Mules and Men. J.B. Lippincott. Internet Archive.

Hurston, Z. N. (1937). Their Eyes Were Watching God. J.B. Lippincott. Internet Archive. PDF

Husserl, E. (1962). The crisis of European sciences and transcendental phenomenology. Northwestern University Press. Internet Archive.

Jablonski, N. G. (2012). Living Color: The Biological and Social Meaning of Skin Color. University of California Press. Internet Archive.

Jackson, J. G. (1970). Introduction to African Civilization. Citadel Press. Internet Archive.

Jackson, G. L. (1970). Blood is My Eye. University Press Internet Archive.

Jacobs, H. (1831). Incidents in the life of a slave girlhttps://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/1103.Internet Archive.

James, G. G. M. (1954). Stolen Legacy: Greek Philosophy is Stolen Egyptian Philosophy. EWorld Publishing. Internet Archive.

Jefferson, T. (1785). Notes on the State of Virginia. J.W. Randolph. Internet Archive.

Kambon, K. (2019). The African Unconscious. Routledge Internet Arcive.

Karp, J. (2024). Slavery, abolition, emancipation, and freedom. Houghton Library.   https://curiosity.lib.harvard.edu/slavery-abolition-     

                          emancipation-and-freedom/feature/civil-war-1861-1865

Karp, J. (2011). Jim Crow and the American Education System. Cambridge University Press.

Kartsonaki, A. (2024). The strategic use of legitimizing norms in unilateral declarations of independence. Global Studies Quarterly, 4(2).     

                          DOI: 10.1093/isagsq/ksae042.

Keay, K. (2022). White Lies Matter: The Evolution, Persistence, and Impact of Scientific Racism. Western Washington University Honors   

                          Projects.

Kendi, I. X. (2020). Deconstructing Black-White Binary Thinking. One World Publications. Internet Archive.

Kendi, I. X. (2016). Stamped from the Beginning: The Definitive History of Racist Ideas in America. One World. Internet Press

King, J. L. (2017). Education research in the Black liberation tradition: Return what you learned to the people. Journal of Negro Education,                            86(2), 95-114. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1215755

Koppelman, K. L. (2020). Understanding human differences:Multicultural education for a  diverse America (6th Ed.). Pearson.

Ladson-Billings, G., & Tate, W. F. (1995). Toward a critical race theory of education. Teachers College Record, 97(1), 47-68.             

                          https://doi.org/10.1177/016146819509700104

Ladson-Billings, G. (2021). Culturally relevant pedagogy: Celebrating 25 years of transforming education. American Educational     

                          Research Journal, 57(1), 163-184.

Ladson-Billings, G. (1995). Toward a theory of culturally relevant pedagogy. American Educational Research Journal, 32(3), 465-491.

Ladson-Billings, G. (2021). The Dreamkeepers: Successful teachers of Black children (2nd ed.). Jossey-Bass.

Ladson-Billings, G. (2021). Three decades of culturally relevant, responsive, and sustaining pedagogy: What lies ahead? The Educational                             Forum, 85(4), 351- https://doi.org/10.1080/00131725.2021.1957632

Lamsal, H. L. (2024). Critical pedagogy in addressing social inequality and promoting social justice in education. Advances, 5(3), 77-83.     

                         DOI: 10.11648/j.advances.20240503.12

Lawrence, S., & Hylton, K. (2022). Critical race theory, methodology, and semiotics: The analytical utility of a “race” conscious approach                               for visual qualitative research. Cultural Studies ↔ Critical Methodologies, 22(3), 255–265.        

                          https://doi.org/10.1177/15327086221081829

Lazaridou, F., & Fernando, S. (2022). Deconstructing institutional racism and the social construction of whiteness: A strategy for      

                          professional competence training in culture and migration mental health. Transcultural Psychiatry, 59(2), 175

  1.                https://doi.org/10.1177/13634615221087101.

Ledesma, M. C., & Calderón, D. (2015). Critical race theory in education: A review of the past literature and a look to the future.           

                          Qualitative Inquiry, 21(3), 206–222. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077800414557825.

Lee, C. N. (2022). Beyond the four frames of colorblind ideology: Theorizing the impact of colorblind racism on Black millennials’ racial     

                          views. Phylon, 59(1), 3–24. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27150912.

Leonardo, Z. (2009). Race, Whiteness, and Education. Routledge.

Linebaugh, P., & Rediker, M. (2000). The Many-Headed Hydra: Sailors, Slaves, Commoners, and the Hidden History of the Revolutionary                             Atlantic. Beacon Press.

Li, H., & Okafor, C. (2022). Revisiting historical narratives: Deconstructing false constructs in world history. History and Memory, 34(3),     

                         191–210. https://doi.org/10.1093/hm/34.3.191

Lin, J. C. P. (2023). Exposing the chameleon-like nature of racism: A multidisciplinary look at critical race theory in higher education.      

                         Higher Education 85(1), 1085–1100. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-022-00879-9.

Lopes, I. (2018). African Contributions to Global Medicine. Oxford University Press

Lynch, W. (1712). The Willie Lynch letter and the making of a slave. Long Island City, NY: African Tree Press.     

                           https://archive.org/details/willielynchlette0000lyn.c

Marks, J. (2017). Human Biodiversity: Genes, Race, and History. Routledge. Internet Archive Matsuda, M. J., Lawrence, C. R., Delgado, R.,                              & Crenshaw, K. W. (1993). Words that wound: Critical race theory, Assaultive speech, and the First amendment.

                             Westview Press.

Mba, C (2018). Philosophy and the Rise of ultra-nationalism in contemporary Euro-American politics, Afo-ecology, The Journal of Pan-      

                             African Studies .11(8) HTTP: www.japanafrican.org/docs/- Mba-final.pdf.

McCarthy, T. (2018). Critical Philosophy of Race: Kant, Hegel, and Du Bois. University of Minnesota Press. Internet Archive.

McDougal, S. (2014). Africana studies’ epistemic identity: An analysis of theory and epistemology. Discipline. Journal of Black Studies,       

                            18(2), 236–250. http://www.jstor.org/stable/43525547.

Meer, N. (2019). W. E. B. Du Bois, double consciousness, and the ‘spirit’ of recognition. The Sociological Review, 67(1), 47-62.     

                             https://doi.org/10.1177/0038026118765370.

Merleau-Ponty, M. (1945). Phenomenology of perception. Éditions Gallimard. PDF.

Miller, J. C. (2012). The Problem of Slavery as History. Yale University Press. Internet Archive.

Mills, C. (2017). Deconstructing Racism in White Consciousness. Oxford University Press. Internet Archive.PDF

Morning, A. (2008). Everyone knows it’s a social construct: Contemporary science and the nature of race. Sociological Theory, 26(3), 232-                               257 https://doi.org/10.1080/00380237.2007.10571319

Nardo, A. (2021). Exploring a Vygotskian theory of education and its evolutionary foundations. Educational Theory, 71(3), 331- 349.       

                             https://doi.org/10.1111/edth.12345.

Nasar, J. (2018). W.E.B. Du Bois, double consciousness, and the spirit of recognition. The Sociological Review, 66(1), 1-43.     

                             https://doi.org/10.1177/0038026118765370.

Nasar, S. (2021). Recognition and Race. Harvard University Press.

Nasir, T. (2024). Reframing the narrative: Challenging Eurocentrism in modern world economic historiography. Intellectual Discourse,       

                             32(2), Article 2182. https://doi.org/10.31436/id.v32i2.2182

Norris, K. (2022). The theological origins of white supremacy: In witnessing whiteness. Oxford Academic Press.      

                              https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190055813.003.0003. Internet Archive

Oakland Literacy Coalition. (2023). Our Impact. https://oaklandliteracycoalition.org/our-work/our-impact/ 

Office of the High  Commissioner for Human Rights. (2019). Annual report 2019: Human rights- based actions bring tangible results.     

                              Retrieved https://www.ohchr.org/en/stories/2020/06/annual-report-2019-human-rights-based-

Omi, M., & Winant, H. (2014). Racial Formation in the United States. Routledge. Internet Archive.

Osei, A. (2023). Decolonizing knowledge: Reclaiming African contributions to global intellectual history. African Studies Review, 66(1), 22–                               45. https://doi.org/10.1017/ASR.2023.003

Paris, D., & Alim, H. S. (2023). Culturally sustaining pedagogies: Teaching and learning for justice in a changing world. World. Teachers     

                            College Press.

PBS Resource Bank (2005). David Walker’s Revolutionary Writings.

PBS Resource Bank (2005). Henry Highland Garnet’s Call for Slave Revolt.

PBS Resource Bank (2005). Maria Stewart’s Contributions to Abolition.

PBS Stewart, M. (1831). Political and Religious Lectures. Garrison and Knapp.

PBS Walker, D. (1829). Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World. John Ball Printing Office.

Ramdeholl, D., & Jones, J. (2023). Confronting institutionalized racism in higher education: Counternarratives for racial justice. New York, NY: Routledge.

Rentzi, A. (2023). Social justice in education: Creating an inclusive culture at schools through critical multicultural theory. European     

                           Journal  of Education and Pedagogy, 5(1), 1- https://ej-edu.org/index.php/ejedu/article/view/802 [3](http.

Rivera, M., & Johnson, K. (2020). Intersectionality in curriculum: Decolonizing Eurocentric history. Curriculum Inquiry, 50(1), 45–64.

                            https://doi.org/10.1080/14678688.2020.1765432

Rodney, W. (1972). How Europe Underdeveloped Africa. Howard University Press.

Roediger, D. (1998). The Wages of Whiteness: Race and the Making of the American Working Class. Verso Books. Internet Archive.

Roediger, D. R. (1998). Black on White: Black writers on what it means to be White. Schocken Books. Internet Archive.

Rosenberg, J. (2019). Epistemology: A Contemporary Introduction. Routledge. Internet Archive.

Sandals, D. (2023). Ain’t no achievement gap: Anti-literacy laws and the literacy divide. Journal of Black Studies, 27(7), 172-186.      

                            https://doi.org/10.1007/s12111-023-09678-9

Sandals, M. (2023). The Decline of Literacy Among Enslaved Black People. Oxford University Press. Internet Archive.

Singh, R., & Brown, T. (2021). Challenging dominant narratives: A comparative analysis of colonial and postcolonial epistemologies.      

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Epistemologies & Afro-futuristic Decolonial African-Centered References

Finalist, 2021 Locus Award

In Literary Afrofuturism in the Twenty-First Century, eminent contributors pay tribute to Afrofuturism as a powerful and evolving aesthetic practice that communicates the experience of science, technology, and race across centuries, continents, and cultures. While Ryan Coogler and Janelle Mon e may have helped bring the genre into contemporary pop consciousness, it in fact extends back to the writing of eighteenth-century poet Phyllis Wheatley and has continued in the work of Samuel R. Delany, Octavia E. Butler, N. K. Jemisin, and many others. In examining this heritage, contributors in this volume question generic boundaries, recover lost artists and introduce new ones, and explore how the meteoric rise of a new, pan-African speculative literary tradition may or may not connect with Afrofuturism.

 

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Digital Library References

Selected Writings: Essential Works from the Digital Library

A Curated Collection of Influential Writings. including books and scholarly journals, are available at our Digital Library Archive.

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